Feature/multilingual quests (#209)

app/src/components/QuestIntro.vue

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import { ref, defineProps, onMounted } from 'vue'
 import MarkdownText from './MarkdownText.vue'
 import { trpc } from '../utils/trpc'
 
-const { t } = useI18n()
+const { t, locale } = useI18n()
 
 const props = defineProps({
   questTitle: {
@@ -52,8 +52,15 @@ const handleColour = () => {
   }
 }
 onMounted(async () => {
-  const quest = await trpc.quests.getQuestDetail.query(questId)
-  questInstruction.value = quest.instruction
+  try {
+    const quest = await trpc.quests.getQuestDetail.query({
+      questId,
+      locale: locale.value,
+    })
+    questInstruction.value = quest.instruction
+  } catch (error) {
+    toast.error('Failed to load quest detail:', error)
+  }
   handleColour()
 })
 </script>
@@ -83,7 +90,7 @@ onMounted(async () => {
         target="_blank"
         @click="handleQuests(questId)"
         :style="{ backgroundColor: questColor, color: questTextColor }"
-        class="inline-flex justify-center rounded-lg text-base font-black py-3 mt-5 w-full text-lg"
+        class="inline-flex justify-center rounded-lg text-base font-black py-3 mt-5 w-full"
       >
         {{ t('quest.start') }}
       </a>

app/src/components/QuestMap.vue

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import { trpc } from '../utils/trpc'
 import useUserProfile from '../store/userProfile'
 import QuestIntro from './QuestIntro.vue'
 
-const { t } = useI18n()
+const { t, locale } = useI18n()
 const store = useUserProfile()
 const toast = useToast()
 
@@ -66,7 +66,8 @@ async function computeGraphData() {
   if (!store.progress) return
 
   try {
-    const quests = await trpc.quests.getQuests.query()
+    const quests = await trpc.quests.getQuests.query({ locale: locale.value })
+
     const dag = new DAG(quests)
     const nodesValues = dag.getNodes()
 
@@ -117,6 +118,10 @@ onMounted(async () => {
 })
 
 watch(() => store.progress, computeGraphData, { deep: true })
+watch(locale, () => {
+  opened.value = null
+  computeGraphData()
+})
 
 const curvedPath = computed(() => {
   return (source: Node, target: Node) => {

app/src/components/game/ControlPalette.vue

@@ -4,15 +4,44 @@ import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
 import { useToast } from 'vue-toastification'
 import { useSession } from '../../store/session'
 import { openBugReport, openQuestSurvey } from '../../utils/formbricks'
+import { trpc } from '../../utils/trpc'
+import type { QuestLocale } from '../../../../packages/constants'
 
-const { t } = useI18n()
+const { t, locale } = useI18n()
+const toast = useToast()
 
 const router = useRouter()
 const sessionStore = useSession()
 const reset = async () => {
   console.log('resetting...')
-  await sessionStore.createSession()
+  const selectedLocale = locale.value as QuestLocale
+  const questId = sessionStore.session?.quest
+
+  if (!questId) return
+
+  try {
+    const quests = await trpc.quests.getQuests.query({
+      locale: selectedLocale,
+    })
+
+    console.log({
+      selectedLocale,
+      questId,
+      availableQuestIds: quests.map((quest) => quest.id),
+    })
+
+    if (!quests.some((quest) => quest.id === questId)) {
+      toast.warning(t('game.language_unavailable'))
+      return
+    }
+
+    await sessionStore.createSession()
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error('Failed to reset quest:', error)
+    toast.error(t('game.reset_failed'))
+  }
 }
+
 const continuePlay = async () => {
   try {
     router.push({ name: 'map' })

app/src/components/header/LanguageSelector.vue

@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
-import { setLocale, type SupportedLocale } from '../../i18n'
+import { setLocale } from '../../i18n'
+import type { QuestLocale } from '../../../../packages/constants'
+import {
+  SUPPORTED_LOCALES,
+  LOCALE_NAME_MAP,
+} from '../../../../packages/constants'
 
-const { locale } = useI18n({ useScope: 'global' })
+const { t, locale } = useI18n({ useScope: 'global' })
 
 function changeLanguage(event: Event) {
   const selectedLocale = (event.target as HTMLSelectElement)
-    .value as SupportedLocale
+    .value as QuestLocale
 
   setLocale(selectedLocale)
 }
@@ -15,12 +20,14 @@ function changeLanguage(event: Event) {
 <template>
   <select
     :value="locale"
+    :title="t('language.change')"
     class="bg-bg-secondary px-3 py-2 text-sm text-text shadow-md outline-none"
     aria-label="Language"
     @change="changeLanguage"
     style="font-size: 2vh"
   >
-    <option value="en">English</option>
-    <option value="zh-TW">繁體中文</option>
+    <option v-for="locale in SUPPORTED_LOCALES" :key="locale" :value="locale">
+      {{ LOCALE_NAME_MAP[locale] }}
+    </option>
   </select>
 </template>

app/src/i18n/index.ts

@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
 import { createI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
+import type { QuestLocale } from '../../../packages/constants'
+import { SUPPORTED_LOCALES } from '../../../packages/constants'
 import en from './locales/en.json'
 import zhTW from './locales/zh-TW.json'
 
-export const supportedLocales = ['zh-TW', 'en'] as const
-
-export type SupportedLocale = (typeof supportedLocales)[number]
-
-function isSupportedLocale(locale: string): locale is SupportedLocale {
-  return supportedLocales.includes(locale as SupportedLocale)
+function isSupportedLocale(locale: string): locale is QuestLocale {
+  return SUPPORTED_LOCALES.includes(locale as QuestLocale)
 }
 
-function getInitialLocale(): SupportedLocale {
+function getInitialLocale(): QuestLocale {
   const savedLocale = localStorage.getItem('locale')
 
   if (savedLocale && isSupportedLocale(savedLocale)) {
@@ -34,7 +32,7 @@ export const i18n = createI18n({
   },
 })
 
-export function setLocale(locale: SupportedLocale) {
+export function setLocale(locale: QuestLocale) {
   i18n.global.locale.value = locale
   localStorage.setItem('locale', locale)
   document.documentElement.lang = locale

app/src/i18n/locales/en.json

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 {
   "language": {
-    "change": "Change language",
-    "traditional_chinese": "繁體中文",
-    "english": "English"
+    "change": "Change language"
   },
   "landing_nav": {
     "intro": "Introduction",
@@ -102,6 +100,9 @@
     "reset": "Reset",
     "continue": "Continue",
     "command_book": "Command Book",
-    "cheatsheets": "Cheat Sheets"
+    "cheatsheets": "Cheat Sheets",
+    "reset_to_apply_language": "Reset quest to apply language changes",
+    "reset_failed": "Reset failed",
+    "language_unavailable": "This quest does not support the selected language, please choose another language"
   }
 }

app/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.json

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 {
   "language": {
-    "change": "切換語言",
-    "traditional_chinese": "繁體中文",
-    "english": "English"
+    "change": "切換語言"
   },
   "landing_nav": {
     "intro": "前言",
@@ -102,6 +100,9 @@
     "reset": "重置",
     "continue": "繼續",
     "command_book": "指令之書",
-    "cheatsheets": "指令列表"
+    "cheatsheets": "指令列表",
+    "reset_to_apply_language": "重置關卡以套用語言變更",
+    "reset_failed": "重置失敗",
+    "language_unavailable": "此關卡不支援所選語言，請選擇其他語言"
   }
 }

app/src/store/session.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { defineStore } from 'pinia'
+import type { QuestLocale } from '../../../packages/constants'
 import {
   FileGraph,
   type FileGraphUpdateEvent,
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@ import Socket from '../utils/socket'
 import SocketTerminal from '../utils/terminal'
 import type { Session } from '../types'
 import { trpc } from '../utils/trpc'
+import { i18n } from '../i18n'
 
 const socket = new Socket()
 const term = new SocketTerminal()
@@ -41,11 +43,16 @@ export const useSession = defineStore('session', {
     quest: null,
   }),
   actions: {
-    async setQuest(questId: string) {
-      this.quest = await trpc.quests.getQuestDetail.query(questId)
+    async setQuest(questId: string, locale: QuestLocale) {
+      this.quest = await trpc.quests.getQuestDetail.query({
+        questId,
+        locale,
+      })
       this.questId = questId
     },
     async setSession(session: SessionDetail) {
+      await this.setQuest(session.quest, session.locale)
+
       this.session = {
         ...session,
         graph: new FileGraph(session.graph),
@@ -60,18 +67,18 @@ export const useSession = defineStore('session', {
       term.focus()
     },
     async createSession() {
+      const locale = i18n.global.locale.value
       const session = await trpc.session.createSession.mutate({
         questId: this.questId,
+        locale,
       })
       await this.setSession(session)
       term.send('echo start\n')
     },
-    async getActiveSession() {
-      const session = await trpc.session.getActiveSession.query({
-        questId: this.questId,
-      })
+    async getActiveSession(questId: string) {
+      const session = await trpc.session.getActiveSession.query({ questId })
       if (session) {
-        this.setSession(session)
+        await this.setSession(session)
       }
     },
     newUpdate(update: SessionUpdate) {

app/src/views/GamePage.vue

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
+import { useToast } from 'vue-toastification'
 import { computed, onMounted, watch } from 'vue'
 import { useSession } from '../store/session'
 import useUserProfile from '../store/userProfile'
@@ -13,6 +15,8 @@ import CompleteModal from '../components/game/CompleteModal.vue'
 import StartButton from '../components/game/StartButton.vue'
 import { openQuestSurvey } from '../utils/formbricks'
 
+const { t, locale } = useI18n()
+const toast = useToast()
 const sessionStore = useSession()
 const userStore = useUserProfile()
 
@@ -27,6 +31,13 @@ watch(completed, (newValue, oldValue) => {
   }
 })
 
+watch(locale, (newLocale) => {
+  const { session } = sessionStore
+  if (session && newLocale !== session.locale) {
+    toast.info(t('game.reset_to_apply_language'))
+  }
+})
+
 const props = defineProps({
   questId: {
     type: String,
@@ -37,8 +48,12 @@ const props = defineProps({
 onMounted(async () => {
   sessionStore.reset()
   sessionStore.setup()
-  await sessionStore.setQuest(props.questId)
-  await sessionStore.getActiveSession()
+
+  await sessionStore.getActiveSession(props.questId)
+
+  if (!sessionStore.session) {
+    await sessionStore.setQuest(props.questId, locale.value)
+  }
 })
 </script>
 

packages/constants/index.ts

@@ -16,3 +16,10 @@ export const getSessionsRequestSchema = z.object({
 })
 
 export type GetSessionsRequest = z.infer<typeof getSessionsRequestSchema>
+
+export const SUPPORTED_LOCALES = ['zh-TW', 'en'] as const
+export const LOCALE_NAME_MAP: Record<string, string> = {
+  'zh-TW': '繁體中文',
+  en: 'English',
+}
+export type QuestLocale = (typeof SUPPORTED_LOCALES)[number]

packages/models/session.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 import { model, Schema, Types } from 'mongoose'
+import type { QuestLocale } from '../constants'
+import { SUPPORTED_LOCALES } from '../constants'
 
 export interface INode {
   path: string
@@ -27,6 +29,7 @@ export interface ISession {
   _id: Types.ObjectId
   user: Types.ObjectId
   quest: string
+  locale: QuestLocale
   containerId: string | null
   containerName: string | null
   status: 'active' | 'finished' | 'inactive'
@@ -52,6 +55,11 @@ export const Session = model<ISession>(
         ref: 'Quest',
         required: true,
       },
+      locale: {
+        type: String,
+        enum: SUPPORTED_LOCALES,
+        required: true,
+      },
       containerId: String,
       containerName: String,
       status: {

quests/checkpoint-01/en/game.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+id: checkpoint-01
+title: Checkpoint 1
+image: base
+instruction: |
+  This quest tests your understanding of:
+  1. `echo`: print text
+  2. `ls`: list the contents of a folder
+  3. `cd`: move between folders
+  4. `pwd`: show your current path
+
+requirements:
+  - path
+
+stages:
+  - id: start
+    name: Click `Start` to begin
+    condition:
+      command: echo start
+    response:
+      content: |
+        This quest checks what you have learned in the previous lessons.
+        You will need to choose the commands yourself.
+        Think about which commands can help you complete each task.
+
+        To continue, make the terminal print `next`.
+
+  - id: next
+    name: Make the terminal print `next`
+    requirements:
+      - start
+    condition:
+      output: next
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Now list the contents of your current folder.
+
+  - id: ls-home
+    name: List the contents of the current folder
+    requirements:
+      - next
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: ls
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Enter the `folder03` folder.
+
+  - id: cd-folder03
+    name: Enter `folder03`
+    requirements:
+      - ls-home
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander/folder03
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Show your current path in the terminal.
+
+  - id: pwd-folder03
+    name: Show your current path
+    requirements:
+      - cd-folder03
+    condition:
+      command: pwd
+      output: /home/commander/folder03
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Now enter the `folder02` folder
+        and list its contents.
+
+  - id: ls-folder02
+    name: Enter `folder02` and list its contents
+    requirements:
+      - pwd-folder03
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander/folder02
+      command: ls
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Finally, stay in `folder02`
+        and list the contents of `folder01`.
+
+  - id: finish
+    name: Stay in `folder02` and list the contents of `folder01`
+    requirements:
+      - ls-folder02
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander/folder02
+      output: file1.txt
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Congratulations! You passed this checkpoint!
+        You are ready to move on to the next lessons.

quests/checkpoint-01/zh-TW/answer.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+echo start
+echo next
+ls
+cd folder03
+pwd
+cd ../folder02
+ls ../folder01

quests/checkpoint-02/en/game.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+id: checkpoint-02
+title: Checkpoint 2
+image: base
+instruction: |
+  This quest tests your understanding of:
+  1. `cat`: display the contents of a file
+  2. `touch`: create a file
+  3. `mkdir`: create a folder
+  4. Use the `Tab` key for autocompletion
+  5. Topics covered in the previous checkpoint
+
+requirements:
+  - create
+
+stages:
+  - id: start
+    name: Click `Start` to begin
+    condition:
+      command: echo start
+    response:
+      content: |
+        This quest checks what you have learned in the previous lessons.
+        You will need to choose the commands yourself.
+        Think about which commands can help you complete each task.
+
+        To continue, make the terminal print `next`.
+
+  - id: next
+    name: Make the terminal print `next`
+    requirements:
+      - start
+    condition:
+      output: next
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Now list the contents of your current folder.
+
+  - id: ls-home
+    name: List the contents of the current folder
+    requirements:
+      - next
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: ls
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Display the contents of `hello.txt`.
+
+  - id: cat-hello
+    name: Display the contents of `hello.txt`
+    requirements:
+      - ls-home
+    condition:
+      command: cat hello.txt
+      output: This is `hello.txt`.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Display the contents of the other file, which has a very long name.
+
+  - id: cat-long-filename
+    name: Display the contents of the other file
+    requirements:
+      - cat-hello
+    condition:
+      command: cat pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis.txt
+      output: A name that has been invented for a lung disease caused by breathing in very small pieces of ash or dust.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Now create a folder named `folder`.
+
+  - id: mkdir-folder
+    name: Create a folder named `folder`
+    requirements:
+      - cat-long-filename
+    condition:
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/folder
+          type: directory
+          exists: true
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Finally, inside the `folder` folder,
+        create a file named `file.txt`.
+
+  - id: finish
+    name: Create `file.txt` inside `folder`
+    requirements:
+      - mkdir-folder
+    condition:
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/folder/file.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Congratulations! You passed this checkpoint!
+        You are ready to move on to the next lessons.

quests/checkpoint-02/zh-TW/answer.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+echo start
+echo next
+ls
+cat hello.txt
+cat pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis.txt
+mkdir folder
+touch folder/file.txt

quests/checkpoint-02/zh-TW/home/pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+A name that has been invented for a lung disease caused by breathing in very small pieces of ash or dust.

quests/checkpoint-03/en/game.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+id: checkpoint-03
+title: Checkpoint 3
+image: base
+instruction: |
+  This quest tests your understanding of:
+  1. `cp`: copy files and folders
+  2. `mv`: move or rename files and folders
+  3. `rm`: delete files and folders
+  4. `rmdir`: delete empty folders
+  5. Use options to change a command's behavior, such as `rm -r`
+  6. Topics covered in the previous checkpoints
+
+requirements:
+  - remove
+
+stages:
+  - id: start
+    name: Click `Start` to begin
+    condition:
+      command: echo start
+    response:
+      content: |
+        This quest checks what you have learned in the previous lessons.
+        You will need to choose the commands yourself.
+        Think about which commands can help you complete each task.
+
+        To continue, make the terminal print `next`.
+
+  - id: next
+    name: Make the terminal print `next`
+    requirements:
+      - start
+    condition:
+      output: next
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Now list the contents of your current folder.
+
+  - id: ls-home
+    name: List the contents of the current folder
+    requirements:
+      - next
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: ls
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Copy the file inside `folder` to a new file named `world.txt` in the same folder.
+
+  - id: cp-hello-world
+    name: Copy the file inside `folder` as `world.txt`
+    requirements:
+      - ls-home
+    condition:
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/folder/hello.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+        - path: /home/commander/folder/world.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Delete the `hello.txt` file inside `folder`.
+
+  - id: rm-hello
+    name: Delete `hello.txt` inside `folder`
+    requirements:
+      - cp-hello-world
+    condition:
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/folder/hello.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: false
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Now move `world.txt` out of `folder`.
+        (Move it into your home folder, `/home/commander`.)
+
+  - id: mv-world-out
+    name: Move `world.txt` out of `folder`
+    requirements:
+      - rm-hello
+    condition:
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/folder/world.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: false
+        - path: /home/commander/world.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Rename `world.txt` back to `hello.txt`
+        and display its contents.
+
+  - id: cat-hello
+    name: Rename `world.txt` to `hello.txt` and display its contents
+    requirements:
+      - mv-world-out
+    condition:
+      command: cat hello.txt
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/world.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: false
+        - path: /home/commander/hello.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+      output: This is `hello.txt`.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Delete the `folder` folder.
+
+  - id: rmdir-folder
+    name: Delete `folder`
+    requirements:
+      - cat-hello
+    condition:
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/folder
+          type: directory
+          exists: false
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Delete the `trash_can` folder.
+
+  - id: finish
+    name: Delete `trash_can`
+    requirements:
+      - rmdir-folder
+    condition:
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/trash_can
+          type: directory
+          exists: false
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Congratulations! You passed this checkpoint!
+        You are ready to move on to the next lessons.

quests/checkpoint-03/en/home/folder/hello.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+This is `hello.txt`.

quests/checkpoint-03/zh-TW/answer.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+echo start
+echo next
+ls
+cd folder
+cp hello.txt world.txt
+rm hello.txt
+mv world.txt ..
+cd ..
+mv world.txt hello.txt
+cat hello.txt
+rmdir folder
+rm -r trash_can

quests/checkpoint-03/zh-TW/home/folder/hello.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+This is `hello.txt`.

quests/checkpoint-03/zh-TW/home/trash_can/secret/letter.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+aHR0cHM6Ly9yZXVybC5jYy9YUjZZMDA=

quests/copy/en/game.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
+id: copy
+title: Copying Files
+image: base
+instruction: |
+  In this quest, you will learn:
+  1. How to copy files with `cp`
+
+requirements:
+  - create
+
+stages:
+  - id: start
+    name: Click `Start` to begin
+    condition:
+      command: echo start
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Today we will learn how to copy files.
+        First, use `ls` to see which files are in your current folder.
+      hint: Use `ls` to list the files in your current folder
+
+  - id: ls
+    name: List the files in the current folder
+    requirements:
+      - start
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: ls
+    exceptions:
+      - id: wrong_directory
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          content: |
+            You are outside the `/home/commander` folder.
+            Use `cd /home/commander` to return to `/home/commander`.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You can see `hello.txt` and `world.txt` in this folder.
+        Use `cat` to display their contents.
+        When you have finished, enter `echo next` to continue!
+      hint: |
+        Use `cat hello.txt` and `cat world.txt` to display the file contents
+        If a command is keeping the terminal busy, press `Ctrl + C` to cancel it
+
+  - id: cat-hello
+    name: Display the contents of `hello.txt`
+    requirements:
+      - ls
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: cat hello.txt
+      output: Hello
+    exceptions:
+      - id: wrong_directory
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          content: |
+            You are outside the `/home/commander` folder.
+            Use `cd /home/commander` to return to `/home/commander`
+      - id: missing_command
+        condition:
+          command: cat
+        response:
+          content: |
+            To display this file, add its filename after `cat`.
+            If `cat` is waiting for input, press `Ctrl + C` to cancel it.
+            Enter `cat hello.txt` to display the contents of `hello.txt`
+      - id: missing_extension
+        condition:
+          command: cat hello
+        response:
+          content: |
+            Did you forget the `.txt` extension?
+            Enter `cat hello.txt` to display the contents of `hello.txt`
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have displayed the contents of `hello.txt`!
+        Here is what it contains:
+        ```
+        Hello
+        ```
+
+  - id: cat-world
+    name: Display the contents of `world.txt`
+    requirements:
+      - ls
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: cat world.txt
+      output: World
+    exceptions:
+      - id: wrong_directory
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          content: |
+            You are outside the `/home/commander` folder.
+            Use `cd /home/commander` to return to `/home/commander`
+      - id: missing_command
+        condition:
+          command: cat
+        response:
+          content: |
+            To display this file, add its filename after `cat`.
+            If `cat` is waiting for input, press `Ctrl + C` to cancel it.
+            Enter `cat world.txt` to display the contents of `world.txt`
+      - id: missing_extension
+        condition:
+          command: cat world
+        response:
+          content: |
+            Did you forget the `.txt` extension?
+            Enter `cat world.txt` to display the contents of `world.txt`
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have displayed the contents of `world.txt`!
+        Here is what it contains:
+        ```
+        World
+        ```
+
+  - id: cat-next
+    name: Enter `echo next` to continue
+    requirements:
+      - cat-hello
+      - cat-world
+    condition:
+      command: echo next
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Next, let's learn how to copy files.
+        `cp` is short for copy.
+        To copy a file, use `cp [source file] [destination file]`.
+        Use `cp` to copy `hello.txt` to `hello2.txt`.
+      hint: Use `cp hello.txt hello2.txt` to copy `hello.txt` to `hello2.txt`
+
+  - id: cp-hello
+    name: Copy `hello.txt` to `hello2.txt`
+    requirements:
+      - cat-next
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: cp hello.txt hello2.txt
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/hello2.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+    exceptions:
+      - id: wrong_directory
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          content: |
+            You are outside the `/home/commander` folder.
+            Use `cd /home/commander` to return to `/home/commander`.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have copied `hello.txt` to `hello2.txt`!
+        Let's check the contents of `hello2.txt`.
+      hint: Use `cat hello2.txt` to display the contents of `hello2.txt`
+
+  - id: cat-hello2
+    name: Display the contents of `hello2.txt`
+    requirements:
+      - cp-hello
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: cat hello2.txt
+      output: Hello
+    exceptions:
+      - id: wrong_directory
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          content: |
+            You are outside the `/home/commander` folder.
+            Use `cd /home/commander` to return to `/home/commander`.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have displayed the contents of `hello2.txt`!
+        As you can see, `hello2.txt` contains exactly the same text as `hello.txt`.
+        Now try copying `world.txt` to `world2.txt`!
+      hint: Use `cp world.txt world2.txt` to copy `world.txt` to `world2.txt`
+
+  - id: cp-world
+    name: Copy `world.txt` to `world2.txt`
+    requirements:
+      - cat-hello2
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: cp world.txt world2.txt
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/world2.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+    exceptions:
+      - id: wrong_directory
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          content: |
+            You are outside the `/home/commander` folder.
+            Use `cd /home/commander` to return to `/home/commander`.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have copied `world.txt` to `world2.txt`!
+        Let's check the contents of `world2.txt`.
+      hint: Use `cat world2.txt` to display the contents of `world2.txt`
+
+  - id: cat-world2
+    name: Display the contents of `world2.txt`
+    requirements:
+      - cp-world
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: cat world2.txt
+      output: World
+    exceptions:
+      - id: wrong_directory
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          content: |
+            You are outside the `/home/commander` folder.
+            Use `cd /home/commander` to return to `/home/commander`.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have displayed the contents of `world2.txt`!
+        `world2.txt` contains exactly the same text as `world.txt`.
+        Next, let's learn how to copy folders.
+        Your current folder contains a `notes` folder with a file named `note.txt` inside.
+        We want to copy the entire folder, including its contents, to `notes2`.
+        To copy a folder, add the `-r` option (recursive). This copies the folder and everything inside it.
+        Options let you change how a command behaves.
+        An option often starts with `-` followed by a letter, such as `-r`.
+        Options usually go after the command name and before the filenames.
+        Use `cp -r notes notes2` to copy `notes` to `notes2`.
+      hint: |
+        Use `cp -r notes notes2` to copy `notes` to `notes2`
+        Remember to include `-r` to copy all the contents
+
+  - id: cp-notes
+    name: Copy the `notes` folder to `notes2`
+    requirements:
+      - cat-world2
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: cp -r notes notes2
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/notes2
+          type: directory
+          exists: true
+        - path: /home/commander/notes2/note.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+    exceptions:
+      - id: wrong_directory
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          content: |
+            You are outside the `/home/commander` folder.
+            Use `cd /home/commander` to return to `/home/commander`.
+      - id: missing_recursive
+        condition:
+          command: cp notes notes2
+        response:
+          content: |
+            Did you forget the `-r` option?
+            Enter `cp -r notes notes2` to copy `notes` to `notes2`
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have copied the `notes` folder to `notes2`!
+        The entire `notes` folder, including its files, has been copied to `notes2`.
+        `cp -r` copies everything in a folder, including files inside any nested folders.
+
+        Finally, let's see what happens when you copy a file to a destination that already exists.
+        Copy `hello.txt` to `world.txt` and see what happens.
+      hint: Use `cp hello.txt world.txt` to copy `hello.txt` to `world.txt`
+
+  - id: cp-overwrite
+    name: Copy `hello.txt` to `world.txt`
+    requirements:
+      - cp-notes
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: cp hello.txt world.txt
+    exceptions:
+      - id: wrong_directory
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          content: |
+            You are outside the `/home/commander` folder.
+            Use `cd /home/commander` to return to `/home/commander`.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have copied `hello.txt` to `world.txt`!
+        Let's check the contents of `world.txt`.
+      hint: Use `cat world.txt`
+
+  - id: check-world
+    name: Check the contents of `world.txt`
+    requirements:
+      - cp-overwrite
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: cat world.txt
+      output: Hello
+    exceptions:
+      - id: wrong_directory
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          content: |
+            You are outside the `/home/commander` folder.
+            Use `cd /home/commander` to return to `/home/commander`.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        `world.txt` now contains `Hello`!
+        When the destination file already exists, copying another file to it overwrites its contents.
+        Check whether the destination already exists before copying, so you do not accidentally lose data.
+        That covers the basics of copying files!
+        Enter `echo finish` to complete this quest.
+
+  - id: finish
+    name: Congratulations! All tasks completed!
+    requirements:
+      - check-world
+    condition:
+      command: echo finish
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Congratulations! You have completed all the tasks!
+        You now know how to copy files and folders.
+        In the next quest, you will learn how to move files and folders.

quests/copy/zh-TW/answer.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+echo start
+ls
+cat hello.txt
+cat world.txt
+echo next
+cp hello.txt hello2.txt
+cat hello2.txt
+cp world.txt world2.txt
+cat world2.txt
+cp -r notes notes2
+ls notes2
+cp hello.txt world.txt
+cat world.txt

quests/create/en/game.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+id: create
+title: Creating Files and Folders
+image: base
+instruction: |
+  In this quest, you will learn:
+  1. How to create files with `touch`
+  2. How to create folders with `mkdir`
+
+requirements:
+  - tab
+
+stages:
+  - id: start
+    name: Click `Start` to begin
+    condition:
+      command: echo start
+    response:
+      content: |
+        This time, we will learn about the `touch` command.
+        First, use `ls` to list the files in your current folder.
+        You should find that the folder has no files.
+      hint: Enter `ls` to list the files in your current folder
+
+  - id: ls
+    name: List the files in the folder
+    requirements:
+      - start
+    condition:
+      command: ls
+    response:
+      content: |
+        The terminal shows no output, which means there are no visible files in this folder.
+        You can create a file with `touch [filename]`.
+        Try creating a file named `hello.txt` in the terminal.
+      hint: Enter `touch hello.txt` to create a file
+
+  - id: touch
+    name: Create a file with `touch`
+    requirements:
+      - ls
+    condition:
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/hello.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+    exceptions:
+      - id: missing_extension
+        condition:
+          files:
+            - path: /home/commander/hello
+              type: file
+              exists: true
+        response:
+          content: |
+            It looks like you forgot the `.txt` extension.
+            Try again and make sure the filename is `hello.txt`.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        The terminal should show no output.
+        The file tree on the right now shows the new `hello.txt` file.
+        Let's look inside `hello.txt`!
+        Use the `cat` command you learned earlier to display its contents.
+      hint: Enter `cat hello.txt` to display the contents of `hello.txt`
+
+  - id: cat
+    name: Display the contents of `hello.txt` with `cat`
+    requirements:
+      - touch
+    condition:
+      command: cat hello.txt
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Huh? There is nothing there!
+        That's right. A new file created with `touch` is empty.
+        We will learn how to edit file contents in a future lesson.
+        Let's create another file!
+        Try creating another file named `world.txt` in the terminal.
+      hint: Enter `touch world.txt` to create a file
+
+  - id: touch-2
+    name: Create another file named `world.txt` with `touch`
+    requirements:
+      - cat
+    condition:
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/world.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+    exceptions:
+      - id: missing_extension
+        condition:
+          files:
+            - path: /home/commander/world
+              type: file
+              exists: true
+        response:
+          content: |
+            It looks like you forgot the `.txt` extension.
+            Try again and make sure the filename is `world.txt`.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Great! You have created your second file.
+        The file tree now shows both `hello.txt` and `world.txt`.
+        Next, let's create a folder!
+        The `mkdir` command creates an empty folder.
+        Use `mkdir [folder name]`.
+        Try creating a folder named `notes` in the terminal.
+      hint: Enter `mkdir notes` to create a folder
+
+  - id: mkdir
+    name: Create the `notes` folder with `mkdir`
+    requirements:
+      - touch-2
+    condition:
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/notes
+          type: directory
+          exists: true
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Great! You have created the `notes` folder.
+        Next, we will create a file named `note.txt` inside `notes`.
+        First, enter the `notes` folder.
+        Remember the `cd` command? Try using it to enter `notes`.
+      hint: |
+        Enter `cd notes` to enter the `notes` folder
+        After typing `cd n`, press `Tab` to complete the folder name
+
+  - id: cd-notes
+    name: Enter the `notes` folder
+    requirements:
+      - mkdir
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander/notes
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have entered the `notes` folder.
+        Now try creating a file named `note.txt` inside `notes`.
+      hint: Enter `touch note.txt` to create a file
+
+  - id: touch-note
+    name: Create `note.txt` inside `notes`
+    requirements:
+      - cd-notes
+    condition:
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/notes/note.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Great! You have created `note.txt`.
+        Congratulations! You have completed this quest!
+        In the next quest, you will learn how to copy files and folders.
+        Enter `echo finish` to complete this quest.
+
+  - id: END
+    name: Complete the quest
+    requirements:
+      - touch-note
+    condition:
+      command: echo finish
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Congratulations! You have completed this quest!

quests/create/zh-TW/answer.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+echo start
+ls
+touch hello.txt
+ls
+cat hello.txt
+touch world.txt
+ls
+mkdir notes
+ls
+cd notes
+touch note.txt
+ls

quests/execute/en/execute.md

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+# Running Executable Files
+
+## Outline
+
+1. What an executable file is
+2. How to find an executable with `which`
+3. How to run an executable file
+
+---
+
+In earlier lessons, you used commands such as `ls`, `cat`, `cp`, `mv`, and `rm`.
+These commands are **executable files** that the operating system runs when you enter them.
+For most commands, you can find the corresponding file in the file system.
+Use `which` to find the file associated with a command.
+Enter `which [command name]` to display its path.
+
+> Use `which ls` to find the path to `ls`
+
+---
+
+The terminal displays `/usr/bin/ls`, the location of the `ls` executable.
+`/usr/bin` is a system folder containing many standard programs, including commands such as `cat` and `cp`.
+
+> Use `which cat` to find the path to `cat`
+
+---
+
+To run an executable file, enter its path directly.
+Let's try running a command using the path to its executable.
+
+> Enter `/usr/bin/ls` to list the contents of your current folder
+
+---
+
+It lists the files in your folder, just as entering `ls` does. You can compare the results yourself.
+You can still pass arguments. Let's try this with `cat`.
+
+> Enter `/usr/bin/cat hello.txt` to display the contents of `hello.txt`
+
+---
+
+You can see the contents of `hello.txt`, just as you would with `cat`.
+This makes sense: `cat` is located at `/usr/bin/cat`, so both commands run the same program.
+A command like this consists of **an executable** plus **arguments**.
+You can enter `ls` instead of `/usr/bin/ls` because the `PATH` environment variable tells the terminal which *folders* to search for programs.
+`PATH` and environment variables are beyond this lesson's scope. We will cover them in a future lesson.
+
+You can also run custom programs, such as the `dog` file in your current folder.
+
+> Use `cat dog` to display the contents of `dog`
+
+---
+
+This is a simple program built from `echo` and `sleep` commands.
+You do not need to understand every detail yet. It prints a few lines of text, with short pauses between them.
+
+To run a file, specify its path.
+Since `dog` is in your home folder, its absolute path is `/home/commander/dog`. You can also use the shorter form `~/dog`.
+
+> Enter `~/dog` to run the `dog` file
+
+---
+
+The terminal displays a few words from this dog with an attitude.
+When you are in the same folder as a program, a relative path is often more convenient than an absolute path.
+To run a program in your current folder, put `./` before its filename instead of entering just its name.
+In a path, `.` means the current folder.
+Now try running `dog` using a relative path.
+
+> Enter `./dog` to run the `dog` file
+
+---
+
+The dog produces the same output as before.
+This is an example of a simple custom command.
+You can put a sequence of commands in a file and run them together to handle complex or repetitive tasks.
+This technique is also useful when running programs written by other people.
+
+Here is a final challenge: enter the `commands` folder, then run the `lucky` file inside it using a relative path.

quests/execute/en/game.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+id: execute
+title: Running Executable Files
+image: base
+instruction: |
+  In this quest, you will learn:
+  1. What an executable file is
+  2. How to find an executable with `which`
+  3. How to run an executable file
+
+requirements:
+  - remove
+
+stages:
+  - id: start
+    name: Click Start
+    condition:
+      command: echo start
+    response:
+      content: |
+        In earlier lessons, you used commands such as `ls`, `cat`, `cp`, `mv`, and `rm`.
+        These commands are **executable files** that the operating system runs when you enter them.
+        For most commands, you can find the corresponding file in the file system.
+        Use `which` to find the file associated with a command.
+        Enter `which [command name]` to display its path.
+      hint: Use `which ls` to find the path to `ls`
+
+  - id: which-ls
+    name: Find the path to `ls` with `which`
+    requirements:
+      - start
+    condition:
+      command: which ls
+    response:
+      content: |
+        The terminal displays `/usr/bin/ls`, the location of the `ls` executable.
+        `/usr/bin` is a system folder containing many standard programs.
+
+        Next, let's find the path to `cat`.
+      hint: Use `which cat` to find the path to `cat`
+
+  - id: which-cat
+    name: Find the path to `cat` with `which`
+    requirements:
+      - which-ls
+    condition:
+      command: which cat
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You can see `/usr/bin/cat`, which is also in the `/usr/bin` folder.
+        To run an executable file, **enter its path directly**.
+        Let's try running a command using the path to its executable.
+
+        First, let's see what happens when you run `ls` normally.
+      hint: Enter `ls` to list the contents of your current folder
+
+  - id: ls
+    name: List the current folder with `ls`
+    requirements:
+      - which-cat
+    condition:
+      command: ls
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Your current folder contains the `commands` folder and two files, `dog` and `hello.txt`.
+        Now try running `ls` using its absolute path, `/usr/bin/ls`.
+      hint: Enter `/usr/bin/ls` to list the contents of your current folder
+
+  - id: bin-ls
+    name: Run `ls` using its absolute path
+    requirements:
+      - ls
+    condition:
+      command: /usr/bin/ls
+    exceptions:
+      - id: exception-ls
+        condition:
+          command: ls
+        response:
+          content: |
+            Here, we are practicing running `ls` using its absolute path.
+            Enter `/usr/bin/ls` to list the contents of your current folder.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        It lists the same files as `ls`. Both commands run the program at `/usr/bin/ls`, so the results are the same.
+
+        You can still pass arguments. Try using `/usr/bin/cat` to display the contents of `hello.txt`.
+      hint: Enter `/usr/bin/cat hello.txt`
+
+  - id: bin-cat
+    name: Run `cat` using its absolute path
+    requirements:
+      - bin-ls
+    condition:
+      command: /usr/bin/cat hello.txt
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You can see the contents of `hello.txt`, just as you would with `cat`.
+        Both commands run the program at `/usr/bin/cat`, so the results are the same.
+
+        A command usually has the form `command argument1 argument2 ...`.
+        The `command` is the name or path of the program to run, such as `ls`, `cat`, or `which`.
+        The `arguments` provide information to the program, such as `hello.txt` after `cat`.
+
+        You can enter `ls` instead of `/usr/bin/ls` because an environment variable called `PATH` tells the shell which folders to search for programs.
+        We will learn more about `PATH` in a future lesson.
+
+        Now let's try running a custom command.
+        The file named `dog` in this folder is a custom command provided for this lesson.
+        First, let's see what is written inside it.
+      hint: Use `cat dog` to display the contents of `dog`
+
+  - id: cat-dog
+    name: Display the contents of `dog` with `cat`
+    requirements:
+      - bin-cat
+    condition:
+      command: cat dog
+    response:
+      content: |
+        This is a simple program built from `echo` and `sleep` commands.
+        You do not need to understand every detail yet. It just prints a few lines of text.
+
+        To run a file, specify its path.
+        Here, the first part of the command is the path to `dog`. This example does not use any arguments.
+        Since `dog` is in your home folder, its absolute path is `/home/commander/dog`.
+        Using the format `executable arguments`, the command is:
+        ```
+        /home/commander/dog
+        ```
+      hint: Enter `/home/commander/dog` to run the `dog` file
+
+  - id: dog-abs
+    name: Run `dog` using an absolute path
+    requirements:
+      - cat-dog
+    condition:
+      or:
+        - command: /home/commander/dog
+        - command: ~/dog
+    exceptions:
+      - id: exception-dog
+        condition:
+          command: dog
+          error: 'command not found: dog'
+        response:
+          content: |
+            `dog` cannot be run by name here because it is not in the command search path. Specify the path to its executable file.
+            Here, we are practicing running `dog` using an absolute path.
+            Enter `/home/commander/dog` to run the `dog` file.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        The terminal displays a few words from this dog with an attitude.
+        When you are in the same folder as a program, a relative path is often more convenient than an absolute path.
+        To run a program in your current folder, put `./` before its filename instead of entering just its name.
+        In a path, `.` means the current folder.
+        Now try running `dog` using a relative path.
+      hint: Enter `./dog` to run the `dog` file
+
+  - id: dog-rel
+    name: Run `dog` using a relative path
+    requirements:
+      - dog-abs
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: ./dog
+    exceptions:
+      - id: exception-dog-2
+        condition:
+          command: dog
+          error: 'command not found: dog'
+        response:
+          content: |
+            `dog` cannot be run by name here because it is not in the command search path. Specify the path to its executable file.
+            Here, we are practicing running `dog` using a relative path.
+            Enter `./dog` to run the `dog` file.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        The dog produces the same output as before.
+        This is an example of a simple custom command.
+        You can put a sequence of commands in a file and run them together to handle complex or repetitive tasks.
+        This technique is also useful when running programs written by other people.
+
+        Here is a final challenge: enter the `commands` folder, then run the `lucky` file inside it using a relative path.
+      hint: |
+        Use `cd` to enter a folder
+        Use `ls` to list the files
+        Enter `./filename` to run a file
+
+  - id: execute-lucky
+    name: Run `lucky` using a relative path
+    requirements:
+      - dog-rel
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander/commands
+      command: ./lucky
+    response:
+      content: |
+        The terminal displays `I am SO LUCKY!!!`, the message printed by `lucky`.
+        Congratulations! You have completed this lesson!
+        Enter `echo finish` to complete this quest.
+    exceptions:
+      - id: exception-lucky
+        condition:
+          command: lucky
+          error: 'command not found: lucky'
+        response:
+          content: |
+            `lucky` cannot be run by name here because it is not in the command search path. Specify the path to its executable file.
+
+      - id: exception-lucky-2
+        condition:
+          pwd: /home/commander
+          command: ./lucky
+          error: 'no such file or directory'
+        response:
+          content: |
+            You are outside the `commands` folder, so `./lucky` does not point to the file yet.
+            First, enter `cd commands` to move into `commands`. Then enter `./lucky` to run `lucky` using a relative path.
+      - id: help
+        condition:
+          command: echo help
+        response:
+          content: |
+            Enter the `commands` folder before running `lucky` using a relative path.
+            First, enter `cd commands` to move into `commands`. Then enter `./lucky` to run `lucky` using a relative path.
+
+  - id: END
+    name: Congratulations! All tasks completed!
+    requirements:
+      - execute-lucky
+    condition:
+      command: echo finish
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Congratulations! You have completed this lesson!
+        You now know how to run executable files.

quests/execute/en/home/dog

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+echo "You ran the dog file"
+echo "Woof woof woof"
+sleep 1
+echo "You know what?"
+sleep 1
+echo "I am better than a cat"

quests/execute/zh-TW/home/commands/lucky

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+echo "I am SO LUCKY!!!"

quests/execute/zh-TW/home/hello.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello! This is a file hello.txt

quests/explore/en/game.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+id: explore
+image: base
+title: Exploring Files
+instruction: |
+  In this quest, you will learn:
+  1. How to list folder contents with `ls`
+  2. How to move between folders with `cd`
+
+requirements:
+  - get-started
+
+stages:
+  - id: start
+    name: Click `Start` to begin the lesson
+    condition:
+      command: ^echo start$
+    response:
+      content: |
+        The terminal has no graphical interface for browsing folder contents.
+        Instead, you can use `ls` to list what is inside a folder.
+        `ls` is short for list. Its first character is a lowercase L.
+        When you enter `ls`, the terminal lists the files and folders in your current folder.
+        Now enter `ls` to see what is in this folder.
+      hint: Enter `ls` to list the contents of the folder
+
+  - id: ls
+    name: List the files in the folder
+    requirements:
+      - start
+    condition:
+      command: ^ls$
+    exceptions:
+      - id: wrong_directory
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          type: narrative
+          content: |
+            First, return to `/home/commander/`
+            Enter `cd ~` to return to `/home/commander/`
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You should now see the contents of the folder.
+        The file tree on the right has changed too.
+        This folder contains two folders named `folder1` and `folder2`.
+
+        Next, let's learn how to enter a folder.
+        `cd` is short for change directory, which means changing your current folder.
+        Enter `cd [folder name]` to move into a folder.
+        For example, enter `cd folder1` to move into `folder1`.
+        Now enter the `folder1` folder.
+      hint: Enter `cd folder1` to move into `folder1`
+
+  - id: cd-folder1
+    name: Enter `folder1`
+    requirements:
+      - ls
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander/folder1
+    exceptions:
+      - id: wrong_spelling
+        condition:
+          command: ^folderl$
+        response:
+          type: narrative
+          content: |
+            `folder1` ends with the number `1`, not the letter `l`.
+      - id: wrong_directory
+        condition:
+          pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          type: narrative
+          content: Enter `cd folder1` to move into `folder1`
+      - id: not_in_home
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          type: narrative
+          content: |
+            First, return to `/home/commander/`
+            Enter `cd ~` to return to `/home/commander/`
+            Then enter `cd folder1` to move into `folder1`
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have entered the `folder1` folder.
+        Notice that the command prompt has changed from
+        `commander:~ $` to
+        `commander:~/folder1 $`.
+        This tells you that you are now in `folder1`.
+        Now list the contents of `folder1`.
+      hint: Enter `ls` to list the contents of the folder
+
+  - id: ls-folder1
+    name: List the contents of `folder1`
+    requirements:
+      - cd-folder1
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander/folder1
+      command: ^ls$
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You can see two files in `folder1`, named `file1.txt` and `file2.txt`.
+        Now let's leave `folder1` and return to the original folder.
+        Use `cd ..` to move up to the parent folder.
+        Here, `..` means the parent folder.
+      hint: Enter `cd ..` to move up to the parent folder
+
+  - id: cd_up
+    name: Return to the parent folder
+    requirements:
+      - ls-folder1
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have returned to the parent folder.
+        Use the commands you just learned to enter `folder2`, list its contents, and return to this folder.
+      hint: |
+        Use `cd` to move between folders
+        Use `ls` to list the contents of a folder
+
+  - id: cd-folder2
+    name: Enter `folder2`
+    requirements:
+      - cd_up
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander/folder2
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have entered the `folder2` folder.
+        Now list the contents of `folder2`.
+      hint: Use `ls` to list the contents of the folder
+
+  - id: ls-folder2
+    name: List the contents of `folder2`
+    requirements:
+      - cd-folder2
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander/folder2
+      command: ^ls$
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You can see two files in `folder2`, named `file3.txt` and `file4.txt`.
+        Now leave `folder2` and return to the original folder.
+      hint: Use `cd ..` to move up to the parent folder
+
+  - id: END
+    name: Return to the original folder
+    requirements:
+      - ls-folder2
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have returned to the original folder.
+        Congratulations! You now know how to use `ls` and `cd`.
+      hint: |
+        Use `cd` to move between folders
+        Use `ls` to list the contents of a folder

quests/explore/zh-TW/answer.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+echo start
+ls
+cd folder1
+ls
+cd ..
+cd folder2
+ls
+cd ..

quests/get-started/en/game.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+id: get-started
+image: base
+title: Terminal Basics
+instruction: |
+  Welcome to Linux Odyssey!
+  This quest introduces the basics of using the terminal.
+  In this quest, you will learn:
+  1. How to use this website
+  2. How to use the terminal
+  3. How to use the `echo` command
+
+stages:
+  - id: start
+    name: Click `Start` to begin
+    condition:
+      command: ^echo start$
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Hello, brave adventurer!
+        Welcome to Linux Odyssey, an adventure filled with terminal magic!
+        Think of the terminal as your magic wand. You control the computer with **text spells**, a useful skill for any aspiring programmer!
+        The area below is your stage for casting spells: the terminal. Ready to cast your first one?
+        Enter `echo hello` below, then press Enter to see what happens!
+
+  - id: echo-hello
+    name: Enter `echo hello` in the terminal
+    requirements:
+      - start
+    condition:
+      command: ^echo hello$
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Congratulations on running your first command!
+        You should see this in the terminal:
+        ```
+        commander:~ $ echo hello
+        hello
+        ```
+        The prompt `commander:~ $` means the computer is waiting for a command.
+        After you enter `echo hello`, the computer prints "hello" on the next line.
+
+        A command is like a sentence telling the computer what to do.
+        Take `echo hello`, for example:
+        - `echo` tells the computer to print something
+        - `hello` is the text to print
+        So when you enter `echo hello`, the computer prints "hello".
+
+        Now try making the terminal display the text `next`.
+        If you get stuck, click the `Hint` button for help.
+      hint: |
+        Enter `echo next` to continue to the next step.
+
+  - id: echo-next
+    name: Enter `echo next` in the terminal
+    requirements:
+      - echo-hello
+    condition:
+      command: ^echo next$
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Congratulations! You now know how to use `echo`.
+        You might wonder why we need a command like this.
+        Although `echo` is simple, printing text is a basic building block for many tasks.
+        In this adventure, we will also use `echo` to trigger events.
+        That is all for this quest. Enter `echo finish` to complete it.
+
+  - id: END
+    name: Finish the quest
+    requirements:
+      - echo-next
+    condition:
+      command: ^echo finish$
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Congratulations! You have completed this quest!
+        You have learned how to use `echo` and what it does.

quests/get-started/zh-TW/answer.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+echo start
+echo hello
+echo next
+echo finish

quests/move/en/game.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+id: move
+title: Moving Files
+image: base
+instruction: |
+  In this quest, you will learn:
+  1. How to move files and folders with `mv`
+
+requirements:
+  - create
+
+stages:
+  - id: start
+    name: Click `Start` to begin
+    condition:
+      command: echo start
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Today we will learn how to move files and folders.
+        Your current folder contains `hello.txt`, `world.txt`, and a folder named `notes`.
+        First, use `ls` and `cat` to explore their contents.
+        When you have finished, enter `echo next` to continue!
+      hint: |
+        Use `ls` and `ls notes` to list the files in the folders
+        Use `cat hello.txt` and `cat world.txt` to display the file contents
+        When you have finished, enter `echo next` to continue
+
+  - id: next
+    requirements:
+      - start
+    name: Explore the files, then enter `echo next` to continue
+    condition:
+      command: echo next
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Now let's learn how to move files and folders.
+        `mv` is short for move. It moves files and folders.
+        Use `mv [source] [destination]`.
+        Let's start by moving `hello.txt` into the `notes` folder!
+      hint: Use `mv hello.txt notes` to move `hello.txt` into `notes`
+
+  - id: mv-hello
+    requirements:
+      - next
+    name: Move `hello.txt` into `notes`
+    condition:
+      command: mv hello.txt notes
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/notes/hello.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+        - path: /home/commander/hello.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: false
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Well done!
+        `hello.txt` has been moved into `notes`!
+
+        `mv` can also rename files!
+        Just use the new name as the destination.
+        Now rename `world.txt` to `wow.txt`.
+      hint: Use `mv world.txt wow.txt` to rename `world.txt` to `wow.txt`
+
+  - id: mv-world
+    requirements:
+      - mv-hello
+    name: Rename `world.txt` to `wow.txt`
+    condition:
+      command: mv world.txt wow.txt
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/wow.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+        - path: /home/commander/world.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: false
+    response:
+      content: |
+        `world.txt` is now named `wow.txt`.
+
+        Next, let's learn how to move folders!
+        Moving a folder works the same way as moving a file.
+        `mv` automatically moves everything inside the folder too.
+        First, rename the `notes` folder to `docs`!
+      hint: Use `mv notes docs` to rename `notes` to `docs`
+
+  - id: mv-notes
+    requirements:
+      - mv-world
+    name: Rename `notes` to `docs`
+    condition:
+      command: mv notes docs
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/docs
+          type: directory
+          exists: true
+        - path: /home/commander/notes
+          type: directory
+          exists: false
+    response:
+      content: |
+        The `notes` folder is now named `docs`.
+        Here is a final challenge:
+        Move `docs/hello.txt` to your home folder and rename it to `hi.txt`.
+      hint: Use `mv docs/hello.txt hi.txt` to move the file to your home folder as `hi.txt`
+
+  - id: mv-docs-hello
+    requirements:
+      - mv-notes
+    name: Move `docs/hello.txt` to your home folder as `hi.txt`
+    condition:
+      command: mv docs/hello.txt hi.txt
+      files:
+        - path: /home/commander/hi.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: true
+        - path: /home/commander/docs/hello.txt
+          type: file
+          exists: false
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Well done!
+        You now know how to move files and folders!
+
+        Enter `echo finish` to complete this quest.
+
+  - id: END
+    requirements:
+      - mv-docs-hello
+    name: Complete the quest
+    condition:
+      command: echo finish
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You now know how to move files and folders!
+        Congratulations on completing this quest!

quests/move/zh-TW/answer.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+echo start
+echo next
+mv hello.txt notes
+ls
+ls notes
+echo next
+mv world.txt wow.txt
+ls
+mv notes docs
+ls
+mv docs/hello.txt hi.txt

quests/move/zh-TW/home/hello.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello

quests/move/zh-TW/home/notes/note.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Note

quests/move/zh-TW/home/world.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+World

quests/path/en/game.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+id: path
+title: File Paths
+image: base
+instruction: |
+  In this quest, you will learn:
+  1. Absolute and relative paths
+  2. How to show your current path with `pwd`
+
+requirements:
+  - explore
+
+stages:
+  - id: start
+    name: Click `Start` to begin the lesson
+    condition:
+      command: echo start
+    response:
+      content: |
+        In Linux, a path describes the location of a file or folder.
+        Paths can be relative or absolute.
+        A relative path starts from your current folder. An absolute path starts from the root folder.
+        First, use `ls` to list the files in this folder.
+
+  - id: ls
+    name: List the files in the folder
+    requirements:
+      - start
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander
+      command: ls
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Now use `cd` to enter the `folder1` folder.
+
+  - id: cd-folder1
+    name: Enter `folder1`
+    requirements:
+      - ls
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander/folder1
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have entered `folder1`.
+        In `cd folder1`, the `folder1` part is a relative path.
+        Likewise, `..` in `cd ..` is a relative path.
+        A relative path can span more than one level of folders.
+        For example, to enter `folder2` from here, you could use `cd ..` to go up one level, then `cd folder2` to enter it.
+        You can also join `..` and `folder2` with `/` and enter `cd ../folder2` to get there in one command.
+        Try entering `folder2` this way.
+      hint: Enter `cd ../folder2` to move into `folder2`.
+
+  - id: cd-folder2
+    name: Enter `folder2`
+    requirements:
+      - cd-folder1
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander/folder2
+    exceptions:
+      - id: not_in_folder2
+        condition:
+          pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          content: Enter `cd folder2` to move into `folder2`
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have entered `folder2` using a relative path.
+        You can also add a relative path after `ls` to list the contents of another folder.
+        For example, use `ls ../folder1` to see which files are in `folder1`.
+        Try listing the files in `folder1` this way.
+      hint: Enter `ls ../folder1` to list the files in `folder1`.
+
+  - id: ls-folder1
+    name: List the files in `folder1`
+    requirements:
+      - cd-folder2
+    condition:
+      output: file1.txt
+    exceptions:
+      - id: not_in_folder2
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander/folder2
+        response:
+          content: Return to `folder2` with `cd ~/folder2`, then use `ls ../folder1` to list the contents of `folder1` without leaving `folder2`.
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Great! You now know how to use relative paths.
+        Next, let's look at absolute paths.
+        An absolute path starts from the root folder, which is at the top of the file tree.
+        Use `pwd` to display the absolute path to your current folder.
+        `pwd` stands for `print working directory`: it displays the path to the folder you are in.
+        Now use `pwd` to display your current absolute path.
+      hint: Enter `pwd` to display your current absolute path
+
+  - id: pwd
+    name: Display your current absolute path
+    requirements:
+      - ls-folder1
+    condition:
+      pwd: /home/commander/folder2
+      command: pwd
+    exceptions:
+      - id: not_in_folder2
+        condition:
+          not:
+            pwd: /home/commander/folder2
+        response:
+          content: Return to `folder2`, then use `pwd` to display your current absolute path
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Your current absolute path is `/home/commander/folder2`.
+        The command prompt also shows your current location.
+        In `commander:~/folder2 $`, `~/folder2` is a shortened form of the path to your current folder.
+        `~` stands for `/home/commander`, your home folder. Each game starts here.
+        You can use absolute paths with `ls` and `cd` too.
+        For example, use `ls ~` to list your home folder or `cd ~` to return to it.
+        Now use `ls ~` to list the contents of your home folder.
+      hint: Enter `ls ~` to list the contents of your home folder
+
+  - id: ls_home
+    name: List the contents of your home folder
+    requirements:
+      - pwd
+    condition:
+      command: ls ~
+    response:
+      content: |
+        Now use `cd ~` to return to your home folder.
+      hint: Enter `cd ~` to return to your home folder
+
+  - id: END
+    name: Return to your home folder
+    requirements:
+      - ls_home
+    condition:
+      command: cd ~
+    exceptions:
+      - id: already_home
+        condition:
+          pwd: /home/commander
+        response:
+          content: Use `cd ~` to return to your home folder
+    response:
+      content: |
+        You have returned to your home folder.
+        Congratulations! You now know how to use absolute and relative paths and display your current absolute path.

quests/path/zh-TW/answer.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+echo start
+ls
+cd folder1
+cd ../folder2
+ls ../folder1
+pwd
+ls ~
+cd ~